What is Hemp?

Hemp is a kind of plant whose every part is useful, that's why many people called it Magical plant.

What is Hemp?

An exceptionally versatile plant.  When someone ask "what is Hemp"   most people think of marijuana and drugs, but that could not be farther from the truth. This is one reason we feel that industrial hemp is the most misunderstood plant in the world. As explained below, the real answer to the question, “what is hemp?” should be “a sustainable, natural solution to many of the needs of humanity.” With the passage of the Farm Bill in 2018, farmers are starting to grow hemp in many states. The question is bigger than what is hemp; it is now what can Hemp do for you and me and what can we do for it? Now hemp oils, CBD, hemp plastics, hemp building materials and many hemp fiber products can be seen and purchased on the market as explained below. 

Hemp is the low tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) variety of the Cannabis Sativa plant. Under federal law, industrial hemp contains very small amounts of THC—indeed the plant must contain less than 0.3% THC by dry weight.

The industrial hemp plant generally grows very tall with thick stalks. These long stalks produce extremely long fibers which are useful for many applications. However, advances in genetics have produced industrial hemp plants in a variety of sizes to accommodate different purposes, such as CBD production.

The entire hemp plant is useful. In fact, the uses and products number in the thousands. It is sometimes easiest to simply state the wide variety of uses such as medicines, foods, paper products, molded plastics, textiles, body care products, construction, animal feed, animal bedding, nutritional supplements, and essential oils. However, we believe that viewing from a “plant-first” perspective is optimal as the “inputs” and “outputs” can be clearly distinguished. Consequently, we identify the primary parts of the plant and various uses/applications associated with each part.

Hemp Seeds

The hemp seed is uniquely healthy and useful. From a food standpoint, the hemp seed is calorically dense and derives 25% of its total calories from protein. Approximately 30% of the seed’s calories derive from fat. In fact, the hemp seed contains omega-3 fatty acids and gamma linolenic acid (GLA) along with magnesium (which can aid sleep and heart health) and the amino acid arginine. The variety of products derived from hemp seed and hemp seed oil is astonishing. These include:

• Cereals
• Cooking oils
• Cosmetics
• Bars
• Bio-plastics
• Bird seed and animal feed
• Fuel
• Lotions
• Lubricants
• Margarine
• Paints and ink
• Protein powders
• Soap and Shampoo

The Hemp Stalk

Use of industrial hemp stalks is ancient. The tall, thick industrial hemp stalks produce extremely long soft fibers able to be grown on an annual basis. Traditionally, hemp fiber was (and is) a very coarse fiber when raw, which made it well suited to rope but less than ideal for clothing designed to be worn against delicate human skin. Advances in breeding of the plants and treatment/processing of the fibers resulted in a much finer, softer hemp fiber—ideal for weaving into hemp clothing, fabrics and rope. For a fun aside, watch the video on Hemp for victory to learn more about the importance of hemp during war times.

The hemp stalk provides numerous highly valuable products including:

• Apparel
• Agro-fiber composite
• Brake linings
• Cardboard
• Canvas/tarps
• Carpet
• Diapers
• Denim
• Fine fabrics
• Filter paper
• Geo-textiles
• Handbags
• Nets
• Paper
• Rope/twine
• Shoes

Hemp Leaves

The leaves of the industrial hemp plant commonly remind people of industrial hemp’s cousin, marijuana. Unfortunately, this distracts people from the benefits of this leafy wonder. In addition to various, highly valuable industrial uses identified below, the leaves can be eaten raw to great benefit. The leaves contain fiber, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc. The leaves also contain powerful antioxidants called polyphenols which help fight again disease and improve aging skin. The hemp leaves contain CBDa, THCa, terpenes, and chlorophyll. Aside from their raw use as a food product, hemp leaves also can be processed into the following products listed below. (Note, some of the products stated below derive from hurds (pulp) which uses both stalk and leaves).

• Animal bedding
• Compost & mulch
• Cement
• Fiberboard/fiberglass
• Insulation
• Papers
• Stucco/mortar

The Hemp Flower

The coveted industrial hemp flower is truly a fountain of health benefits that science is only beginning to fully understand. It is a powerful source of CBDs – a collection of cannabinoid compounds that warrant their own in-depth discussion. Needless to say, Hemp-derived CBD is very useful for health and the business of producing and selling CBD is thriving. However, to briefly summarize, products deriving from hemp flowers include:

• Isolates
• Distillates
• Oils

Nigerian students were beaten, humiliated and thrashed by college authority and dragged out of the campus

On 15th July in afternoon a group of Nigerian students were brutally beaten by locals inside the college(Roorkee institute of technology).

 The management hired some local gundas,let them dressed with the college security uniforms and Physically attack these Nigerian students just  because they went out without getting an out pass from the college. 

They’ve been injured seriously and has been admitted to the hospital. The good thing is the local police rushed in right after some of their friends informed the police and they are now under the protection of the police.

On the day before (14th July) this case this happened:

Ibrahim was going out to buying some foods/vegetables without outpass and when he came back the security guard said to leave this college immediately as he went out without permission (for breaking the rules). But Ibrahim said that where will i go in this pandemic, I have no place/resident to stay. 

And security call the police and they had an agreement that Ibrahim will leave the college hostel after this pandemic. 

And suddenly next day (on 15th July) this happened as mentioned above.

Read this post by victim Nigerian students:

My name is Diaby Ibrahim studying at RIT. 5 months ago before the lockdown my friend Emmanuel and I asked to leave the school since the school was going on lockdown too, they refused to grant us the permission to go.

Later on after the pandemic increased the school cut off food for us and asked us to pay for the food and we agreed. We then asked the school for permission to go and get food stuffs outside but the always refused us to do so. It continued like that for months and it came to the point where we starved for two days without eating anything. We went back to the college to get permission to buy food outside still the same response. It took them twenty days to give my friend who is suffering from dislocation in his shoulder permission to get his medicine after several cry out to go and replenish his medicine.

We then decided to go out after several pleading to go and get food stuffs. When we came back we were locked outside the hostel till 1am before letting us in.

After that the school decided to debarred us from the hostel and we told them if we vacate the hostel at this crucial time we can’t be guaranteed safety since we have no relatives here in India. We pleaded that after the pandemic we can vacate the hostel but the insist we leave.

See this some burtal image  of ROORKEE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY:

In hospital

These are not college guards all are gundas  heirs from outside on 400 rupees by college management

RIT use these Nigerian students for advertising their college

Coronavirus can damage the brain

How can the coronavirus reach the brain?

The brain!  An area in the body that supposed to be highly protected!

More and more research continues to reveal the dramatic effect that COVID-19 exerts on the central nervous system. Around 36% of COVID-19 patients show neurological symptoms. This open a new question not only for the  COVID-19 treatment, but also it's a long term effects. The empact COVID-19 has on the brain is often overlooked due to the complicated diagnostics of medically unstable patients. How ever in the case of brain infection, the coronavirus can lead to a number of neurologic symptoms like headache, seizures, loss of control over body movement and lot of vital senses such as test and smell. Our brains are protected against viral and bacterial infections thanks to the Blood-Brain-Barrier which a thick natural border that separates the brain from the rest of the body. The border is made of cells that only let very small particles to pass through. However severe inflammations the comes with diseases like COVID-19 can destroy this barrier.  Some viruses can even use inflammatory cells as 

"Trojan horses" to trick their way into the brain. The new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is throught to be one of them.

Another possibility is that the cells that build the Blood-Brain-Barrier themselves get infected and then allow the virus to pass through this border into the brain. 

Brains of infected COVID-19 people show the Presence of the virus in endothelial and neuronal cells.

The virus, however, can use another way to travel to the central nervous system. One such way is accomplished through the axons threadlike parts of the neuron that are found all over body. Through these axons, the virus can potentially travel to the main part of neurons in the brain or spinal cord. 

Brain cells that are damaged release chemical called biomarkers that can be found in the cerebrospinal fluid which is a colourless body fluid found in the brain and spinal cord. The presence of these biomarkers in the blood of COVID-19 patients, especially patient with severe cases, indicates that brain cells have been attached and damaged by the coronavirus.

Even the host's immune system can misdirect it's attack when faced with a viral infection in the brain and damage the central nervous system. 

The brain is fragile organ with most of its cells lacking the ability to regenerate. This mean that the damage to the brain can be lasting and potentially lead to Neurological disorder.

In a recently published study researchers used a brain model called BRAIN SPHERE  

 made from specific stem cells to test whether SARS-CoV-2 can infect neurons. Three days after the infection, viral particles were found in the body of some brain cells indicating that infection has indeed occurred. 

The coronavirus targets neurons because they have a specific receptor called ACE2. Which SARS-CoV-2 can recognise and used as the key to enter into the brain cells. This is the same receptor that the virus utilizes to enter into other cells like lung cells, heart cells, kidney cells and the insulin producing cells in the pancrease. Among other respiratory virus that can invade the brain is Influenza (a flu virus). Other coronaviruses have also previously shown to infect the brain in the both animals and humans.

Previously thought to be rare, viral infection of the brain can lead to brain inflammatio, meningitis and lasting neurological damage. These findings direct the attention to the current treatment of COVID-19 patients the largely overlook neurological symptoms. Between the challenge of identifying wether the brain has been infected, unstable patients, and the lack of direct treatment, diagnosing the brain infection in a timely manner could help us tackle such symptoms as early as possible.

Research: Crop plants are taking up microplastics

Research: Crop plants are taking up microplastics

Large gaps between epidermal cells at the site of lateral root emergence

Microplastics (MPs), i.e., tiny plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in length, can now be found throughout the ocean and other aquatic ecosystems, and even in our seafood and salt. As MPs have become ubiquitous, scientists have become concerned about the transfer of MPs from the environment to the food chain and the potential impact of MPs on human health.

Scientists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) recently found that microplastics are indeed contaminating edible plants, including vegetables we eat. The study was published in Nature Sustainability on July 13.

The study was led by Luo Yongming, a professor both at the Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC) and the Nanjing Institute of Soil Science of CAS.

Most MPs are emitted to the terrestrial environment and accumulate in large amounts in soil. In addition, secondary particles are formed by the degradation of plastics. Wastewater, an important source of water for agricultural irrigation, also contains small-sized MPs.

Despite the prevalence of MPs throughout the environment, the matter of MP uptake by crop plants has not received much attention.

For decades, scientists believed that plastic particles were simply too large to pass through the physical barriers of intact plant tissue. But this new study disproves this assumption.

"Cracks at the emerging sites of new lateral roots of lettuce and wheat crops can take in MPs from the surrounding soil and water. Those MPs can then be transferred from the roots up to the edible parts of the crop," said Prof. Luo.

Scientists already knew that particles as tiny as 50 nanometers in size could penetrate plant roots. But Prof. Luo's group revealed that particles about 40 times that size can get into plants as well.

The MPs identified in this study were spherical plastic particles up to 2 micrometers in size with a small degree of mechanical flexibility. These features allowed the MPs to squeeze into the small apoplastic space of plant root cells.

"Another mechanism is that at the lateral root emergence sites there are small cracks, and then the particles go through those cracks and enter the xylem vessels. Thus it is even possible that particles larger than the ones we studied might also be taken up by plants," said Dr. Li Lianzhen, first author of the study.

These findings shed new light on the possibility of food chain transfer of MPs. If MPs are getting into our crop plants, they are also getting into our meat and dairy. This raises obvious concerns about growing crops on fields contaminated with wastewater treatment discharge or sewage sludge, a process that could introduce MPs into the food chain. It also raises the key question of how MPs affect human health, a question for which there is as yet no clear answer.

Aside from the possible health impact, MPs in crops is also undesirable from the standpoint of agricultural sustainability.